132.SPECIES OF CLOSTRIDIUM ASSOCIATED WITH COLITIS
A.DIFFICILE
B.PARVUM
C.PERFRINGES A
D.PERFRINGES C
ANS:DIFFICILE
Clostridium consists of around 100 species that include common free-living bacteria as well as important pathogens. There are five main species responsible for disease in humans:
C. botulinum, an organism that produces botulinum toxin in food/wound and can cause botulism.Honey sometimes contains spores of Clostridium botulinum, which may cause infant botulism in humans one year old and younger. The toxin eventually paralyzes the infant's breathing muscles.Adults and older children can eat honey safely, because Clostridium do not compete well with the other rapidly growing bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract. This same toxin is known as "Botox" and is used cosmetically to paralyze facial muscles to reduce the signs of aging; it also has numerous therapeutic uses.
C. difficile, which can flourish when other bacteria in the gut are killed during antibiotic therapy, leading to pseudomembranous colitis (a cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea).
C. perfringens, formerly called C. welchii, causes a wide range of symptoms, from food poisoning to gas gangrene. Also responsible for enterotoxemia (also known as "overeating disease" or "pulpy kidney disease") in sheep and goats. C. perfringens also takes the place of yeast in the making of salt rising bread. The name perfringens means 'breaking through' or 'breaking in pieces'.
C. tetani, the causative organism of tetanus. The name derives from "of a tension", referring to the tension (caused by tetanus) in the muscles.
C. sordellii can cause a fatal infection in exceptionally rare cases after medical abortions.Less than one case per year has been reported since 2000.
A.DIFFICILE
B.PARVUM
C.PERFRINGES A
D.PERFRINGES C
ANS:DIFFICILE
Clostridium consists of around 100 species that include common free-living bacteria as well as important pathogens. There are five main species responsible for disease in humans:
C. botulinum, an organism that produces botulinum toxin in food/wound and can cause botulism.Honey sometimes contains spores of Clostridium botulinum, which may cause infant botulism in humans one year old and younger. The toxin eventually paralyzes the infant's breathing muscles.Adults and older children can eat honey safely, because Clostridium do not compete well with the other rapidly growing bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract. This same toxin is known as "Botox" and is used cosmetically to paralyze facial muscles to reduce the signs of aging; it also has numerous therapeutic uses.
C. difficile, which can flourish when other bacteria in the gut are killed during antibiotic therapy, leading to pseudomembranous colitis (a cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea).
C. perfringens, formerly called C. welchii, causes a wide range of symptoms, from food poisoning to gas gangrene. Also responsible for enterotoxemia (also known as "overeating disease" or "pulpy kidney disease") in sheep and goats. C. perfringens also takes the place of yeast in the making of salt rising bread. The name perfringens means 'breaking through' or 'breaking in pieces'.
C. tetani, the causative organism of tetanus. The name derives from "of a tension", referring to the tension (caused by tetanus) in the muscles.
C. sordellii can cause a fatal infection in exceptionally rare cases after medical abortions.Less than one case per year has been reported since 2000.
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